Exchange Rate Crises and Fiscal Solvency

This paper combines insights from generation one currency crisis models and the fiscal theory of the price level (FTPL) to create a dynamic FTPL model of currency crises. The initial fixed‐exchange‐rate policy entails risks due to an upper bound on government debt and stochastic surplus shocks. Agents refuse to lend into a position for which the value of debt exceeds the present value of expected future surpluses. Policy switching, usually combined with currency depreciation, restores fiscal solvency and lending. This model can explain a wide variety of crises, including those involving sovereign default. We illustrate by explaining the crisis in Argentina (2001).     

东北地区土壤活性有机碳对水热梯度变化的反映S152.4+2S153.6

基于样区20年气象资料统计结果和2006年土壤有机碳实测值,分析了东北样区内土壤活性有机碳各组分的空间分布格局及其与年均温(t)、降雨量(p)、有效积温和p/t(降雨量/年均温)之间的关系。结果表明:样区内土壤活性有机碳各组分沿纬度呈现出南低北高的分布趋势;活性有机碳各组分与土壤有机之间具有显著的正相关性;活性有机碳组分之间具有较强的相关性;活性有机碳各组分与气候因素之间存在良好的相关性。活性有机碳各组分与年均温之间的相关性大于活性有机碳各组分与降雨量之间的相关性。     

Anti-consumption discourses and consumer-resistant identities

This article presents the analysis of two dominant anti-consumption discourses (the voluntary simplicity discourse and the culture jammer discourse) to show the importance of anti-consumption practices in the construction of consumer identities. Specifically, two consumer-resistant identities are presented: a hero identity and a project identity. Each resistant identity is produced by, and produces, overreaching cultural discourses against consumer culture, namely resistance to exploitative consumption and resistance to positional consumption. In addition, each identity expresses resistance either in terms of political consumption for an outer change or in terms of creative consumption directed toward an inner change. By stressing the importance of hero resistant identities and project resistant identities, this article offers the concept of identity formation as central rather than peripheral to the development of consumer resistance.     

试论高校图书馆馆员素质

在图书馆工作的构成要素中,馆员的素质是关键要素,它直接决定着图书馆服务工作的质量高低,是图书馆事业的关键。本文通过分析高校图书馆馆员素质要求和现状,提出提高馆员素质的方法。     

浅剖仪在水域活断层调查中的应用分析

我国东部地区经济发达,水系也很复杂,随着发展的需要,对各种水域的开发也逐步增加,为了开发的安全性,开展水域活动断层调查,为场地地震安全性评价提供基础性资料就显得尤为重要。本文利用的浅剖仪设备是ChirpⅢ声学剖面系统以及Boomer轰鸣器单道地震系统,进行活断层调查研究发现本套探测效果较好,值得推广。     

A Classroom Tariff-Setting Game

The author outlines a classroom tariff-setting game that allows students to explore the consequences of import tariffs imposed by large countries (countries able to influence world prices). Groups of students represent countries, which are organized into trading pairs. Each group's objective is to maximize welfare by choosing an appropriate ad valorem tariff that may be changed intermittently throughout the game. The game is built on a computable general-equilibrium model, which allows each nation's utility and terms of trade under alternative tariff regimes to be expressed quantitatively. The exercise encourages students to consider terms-of-trade improvements and efficiency losses resulting from large-country tariffs and provides a framework to discuss the Nash equilibrium of a tariff war. The game is a useful supplement to traditional teaching methods.     

Exploring VCR use as a leisure activity

On the basis of a uses‐and‐gratifications perspective, this exploratory study examined the TV viewing and VCR use of a sample of 119 households with VCRs. The instrument developed for use in this study consisted of a TV and VCR diary in which respondents recorded a variety of information related to each viewing (or recording) occasion for 1 week. The results suggest that although the ability to manipulate the broadcast schedule was a valued feature of the VCR, VCR use merely enhanced established patterns of TV viewing rather than significantly altered TV viewing or leisure behavior. The playback function of the VCR represented a primarily solitary activity pursued for entertainment and relaxation. Watching rented movies represented a primarily social activity pursued for entertainment, relaxation, and companionship. An equal number of television programs were viewed alone as were viewed with others.     

快慢速自适应融合的安全中继选择

针对无线通信中的物理层信息安全问题，在无线安全协作网络中提出了一种基于快慢速链路自适应融合的安全中继选择方法。该方法根据移动速度选择链路自适应类型，根据干扰节点对安全容量的“正”或“负”效应使用或不使用干扰节点，基于安全容量最大化准则进行中继选择。在此基础上，对所提安全中继选择方法进行了性能分析，推导了中断概率表达式。中断概率的仿真曲线和理论曲线很吻合，验证了理论分析的正确性。同时，仿真结果显示，相对于采用单一快速链路自适应，基于所提中继选择方法的安全协作通信系统具有更低的误码率和更大的安全容量，在“正效应”条件下干扰节点有助于提升系统安全容量。     

论现代财务管理在企业中的应用

加强现代财务管理的必要性的原因是:新型的企业财务制度的初步形成;企业规模的扩大;企业财务管理是对企业产权的管理。加强企业财务管理的建议:树立金融意识;全面提升财务管理的层次和水平;加强成本管理;加强资金管理;加强资产管理;加强利润管理;加强风险管理;大力培养高素质的财务人员。自主管理、经营性主动管理、参与企业经营管理、优化资本结构是现代财务管理的几个要点。     

Population Structure and Housing Prices: Evidence from Chinese Provincial Panel Data

This study analyzes the relationship between the proportion of the economically active population aged 15–64 to total population and housing prices. A panel of 31 provinces in China from 2002 to 2014 is used in our analysis. We find empirical evidence that the impact of the population structure on housing-price growth increases as the population growth rates rise. This observation suggests that, to understand provincial housing price movements in China, one should consider the ratio of working-age population to total population in a province. The main policy implication is that Chinese policymakers need to ensure a moderated population growth to effectively promote stability in housing prices and the economy.